Haircloth-loom.



G. S. 00X.

HAIRCLOTH LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 17, 1913.

1,091,198, Patented Mar. 24, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M ME/W01? M 33 3a 30 6 0 196 51 05,6

117 TOR/V5 X ooLUMIlA PLANouuAPu t.'(L,WASH|NOTUN. D. L4

G. S. 00X.

HAIRGLOTH LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 17, 1913. I 1,091,1 98. Patented Mar. 24, 19M

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mm Geor sax M WM 147 7' ORA E K COLUKIIA PLANOGRAIH CO" WASHINGTON. D- C.

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE S. COX, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HAIRCLOTH-LOOM.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, Gnoncn S. Cox, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Haircloth-Looms, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to looms for weaving what is generically known as haircloth, the same comprising cloth composed of a warp of flexible material, 6. 9., cotton yarn, and a weft composed either exclusively of horsehair or of horsehair and linen or cotton yarn.

The object of my invention is to provide a loom adapted to the weaving of haircloth containing a Weft composed of horsehair and yarn.

The more specific object of my invention is to provide a loom adapted to the carrying out of the process forming part of the subject matter of an application filed by me of even date herewith, Serial No. 790,157, in which, after each shed of warp is formed, part of a continuous length of yarn is drawn through the shed and also a separate pick of horsehair inserted, the shed being then changed and another part of said continuous length of yarn and another separate pick of horsehair inserted, thereby forming an inter-lining fabric having in each shed a separate pick weft of horsehair and yarn weft integrally united with the yarn weft in the two adjacent sheds. v

In Letters Patent No. 795,249, No. 795,250, No. 795,251, No. 795,253 and No. 795,255,18- sued to me July 18, 1905, and No. 834,000, issued to me October 23, 1906, Iv have set forth looms adapted to the manufacture of cloth containing, in eachshed of warp, a pick of yarn and a pick of horsehalr; but the construction and operation of these looms necessarily involve the cutting off of the yarn after it has been pulled through the shed, in order to afiord a loose end to be grasped by the nipper, whereby a fin1shed fabric is formed in which the several picks of yarn, as well as the several picks of hair, are separate and independent and the fab ric is therefore not bound in along the edges. Further, in said machines, the nipper is relied upon to grasp the yarn as well as the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 17, 1913.

Patented Mar. 24, 1914.

Serial No. 790,158.

hair, whereby its eflicacy, with respect to certa nty of operation, is in a measure impalred In theloom embodying my present lnvent on, these objections are entirely overcome, 111 that the jaws of the nipper perform only their customary function of grasping the hair, and yet the yarn is inserted without the provision of an independently acting shuttle. Another advantage of the invention is that 1t is capable of adaptation to the type of loom most generally employed in the weaving of haircloth, namely, that type 1n which a nipper stick, having jaws at one end, first moves transversely through the shed, then grasps the end of a strand of halr, and then returns in the opposite direction, thus inserting a pick of hair in each return movement, a loom of this type being shown in Figs. 12 and 13 of a patent issued to me May 14, 1912, No. 1,026,430. The invent1on,:however, is also applicable to the less generally employed type of loom in which the nipper stick is provided with a pair of jaws at both ends and in which a pick of hair is inserted in each traverse of the nipper stick, looms and shuttles of this type being shown in the patents issued to me No. 756,334, dated April 5,1904; No. 795,253, dated October 23, 1906; No. 931,276 and No. 931,683, dated August 17, 1909; No. 948,370 and No. 943,415 dated February 8, 1910; and No. 1,026,430, dated May 14., 1912.

I have shown, in the accompanying drawings, a loom in which a preferred form of my invention has been embodied, in which Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, of a portion of a loom containing one embodiment of my invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view, and Fig. 3 a side view, of the nipper stick of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a plan view of a nipper stick and yarn carrying bobbin showing another embodiment of my invention; Fig. 5 is a plan view, and Fig. 6 a section through the weft on the line of the warp, of a fabric adapted to be woven by the nipper stick of Figs. 1,2 and 3; Fig. 7 is a plan view of a modified form of fabric adapted to be woven by the nipper stick of Fig. 4.

Before describing the mechanism embodying my invention, I will first describe the fabric which it is sought to produce.

Referring first to Figs. 5 .and 6c is the cotton warp; or. is the horsehair weft; b is the yarn weft, there being two picks of yarn b in each shed of warp lying on opposite sides of a pick of hair, the two yarn picks being integrally united to each other at one edge of the fabric and, at the other end of the fabric, being integrally united to the yarn in the two next adjacent sheds.

Referring next to the modified fabric shown in Fig. 7 0 represents the warp, a the horse hair weft, and b the yarn weft. It differs from the fabric shown in Figs. 5 and 6 principally in that there is a single pick of yarn in each shed of warp.

Referring now to the mechanism shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, which is especially adapted to weave the fabric shown in Figs. 5 and 6; 10 is the loom frame. 11 is the lay pivoted in hearings in the loom frame. 13 is a driving shaft operating the lay 11 by means of a crank 14 and .a link 15. 16 is the reed. 17 is the usual shuttle or nipper stick, the same being reciprocated across the lay through the warp sheds by any usual mechanism, as, for example, by the means shown in Figs. 12 and 13 of Patent No. 1,026,430 issued to me May 14, 1912. The nipper stick 1? is provided, at different points along its top surface, with eyes 18, through which is threaded part of a continuous length of yarn b, which extends from a cop not shown.

Pivoted on the loom frame, on the same axis as that on which the lay is pivoted, is a lever 20. One end of a lever 21 is pivotally mounted in a slot 22 in the arm 20. The other end of the lever 21 carries a loo-ping finger 23. Pivoted between its endson the loom frame is a lever 24, one end of which has a slot and pin connection with the lower end of a link 25. The upper end of the link 25 is pivotally connected with the middle part of the lever 21. A spring 26 connects the lower end of the link 25 with the loom frame and tends to draw down the link 25. The other end of the lever 25 carries a roller 27 which engages a cam 28 on the shaft 13.

As the nipper stick moves to the right (Fig. 2) it carries with it double length of yarn, one length being drawn through the eyes 18 of the nipper stick in the latters movement. As the nipper stick completes its movement to the right, the cam 28 has turned so that the roller 27 rides off the high point thereof. This permits the spring 26 to draw down the link 25 and thus operates the lever 21 to depress the looping finger 23 and "cause it to extend within the loop formed by the yarn just beyond the edge of the fabric. At about the same time, the jaws of the nipper are opened, in the usual way, not shown, and then closed upon the end of a pick of hair which has been presented to the nipper by the usual selector, not shown. As the nipper stick moves to the left (Fig. 2), the nipper carries through the warp shed a pick of hair, laying it between the two picks of yarn, the yarn slipping through the eyes 18 and not therefore having imparted to it the movement of the nipper. After the nipper passes beyond the warp shed, the shed is changed and the operation above described is repeated. The cam 28 is so shaped that at an appropriate time the roller rides upon the high face of the cam, thereby withdrawing the looper finger 23 from its operative position. Thus there is inserted, in each shed, as a result of a single reciprocation of the nipper stick, a single pick of hair and two picks of yarn integrally united with each other at one end of the fabric, and at the other end of the fabric integrally united with the yarn in the two adjacent sheds.

In Fig. 4, I have shown a nipper stick 30 having a pair of nipper jaws 31 at each end and which is adapted to insert a pick of hair in its travel through the warp shed in each direction. This double-ended nipper stick 85 may be constructed and operated in any suitable way, as, for example, in accordance with such of the patents hereinbefore mentioned as disclose double-ended nipper sticks and operating means therefor. Secured to the upper face of this nipper stick is a bobbin 32, which may be of the well known type employed in the ordinary flying shuttle adapted to the weaving of cloth other than hair-cloth. This bobbin carries a convenient length of yarn Z), which extends from the bobbin through an orifice 33 in the nipper stick 30. .It will be apparent that in the operation of this nipper stick, a pick of hair and a pick of yarn will be inserted in each shed of warp; that the picks of hair will be independent of each other, but that each pick of yarn will be integrally united. at one edge of the fabric, with the pick of yarn in one of the adjacent warp sheds, and, at the other edge of the fabric, with the pick of yarn in the other adjacent warp shed.

By the employment. of the combined nipper-stick and shuttle of Fig. 4 in an ordinary loom adapted. to operate a doubleended nipper stick, no change in the shuttleactuating or hair-feeding mechanism is necessary, nor is the operation of the loom, so far as concerns the insertion of the hair, in any respect changed.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of a nipper 1 s stick adapted to travel along the shuttle race and having jaws adapted, to engage strands of hair and pull them along the shuttle race, and means carried by the nipper stick, and independent of the hair en- 125 gaging jaws, adapted, in the traverse of the nipper stick, to convey a continuous length of yarn back and forth along the shuttle race and insert it in successive warp sheds.

2. In a loom, the combination with the 139 pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of jaws adapted to travel along the shuttle race and engage strands of hair and pull them along the shuttle race, and yarn carrying means, independent of the jaws, adapted to travel with the jaws and adapted, in the traverse of the jaws, to convey part of a continuous length of yarn across its warp-shed, and cause the insertion in the sheds of warp.

3. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of a nipper stick adapted to travel along the shuttle race and having jaws adapted to engage strands of hair and pull them along the shuttle race, and yarn carrying and feeding means secured to the nipper stick.

a. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of jaws adapted to travel across the shuttle race and engage strands of hair and pull them along the shuttle race, and means, independent of said jaws, adapted to travel with the jaws and convey along the shuttle race loops forming parts of a continuous length of yarn.

5. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of a nipper stick adapted to travel back and forth along the shuttle race, said nipper stick having at one end a pair of jaws idle in the advance movement of the nipper stick, but adapted in the return movement thereof to insert a strand of hair, and yarn-carrying means, traveling with the nipper stick, adapted, in the advance movement of the nipper stick, to insert a loop forming part of a continuous length of yarn.

6. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of jaws adapted to travel across the shuttle race and insert strands of hair, yarn-carrying means adapted to travel with the jaws and insert loops forming parts of a continuous length of yarn, and means adapted to engage the closed portion of the loop and hold it from withdrawal.

7. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of a nipper stick adapted to travel back and forth along the shuttle race, said nipper stick having at one end a pair of jaws idle in the advance movement of the nipper stick but adapted in the return movement thereof to insert a strand of hair, yarn-carrying means, secured to the nipper stick, adapted, in the advance movement of the nipper stick, to insert a loop forming part of a continuous length of yarn, and means adapted, at the end of the advance movement of the nipper stick, to engage and hold in position the closed por tion of the loop.

8. In a loom, the combination with .the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of jaws adapted to travel across the shuttle race and insert strands of hair, yarn-carrying means adapted to travel with the jaws and insert loops'forming parts of a continuous length of yarn, a finger adapted to engage the closed portion of the loop, and means adapted to move the finger into and out of operative position.

9. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of jaws adapted to travel across the shuttle race and insert strands of hair, yarn-carrying means adapted to travel with the jaws and insert loops forming parts of a continuous length of yarn, a finger adapted to engage the closed portion of the loop, lever mechanism connected with and adapted to operate said finger, a cam connected with said lever mechanism and adapted to actuate the same to cause said finger to be withdrawn from operative position, and a tension device adapted. to operate said lever mechanism, when released by the cam, to cause said finger to move into operative position.

10. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of a nipper stick adapted totravel back and forth along the shuttle race, said nipper stick having at one end a pair of jaws idle in the advance movement of the nipper stick but adapted in the return movement thereof to insert a strand of hair, and a series of eyes arranged along the nipperstick and through which part of a continuous length of yarn is adapted to be threaded, whereby said nipper stick may, in each advance movement thereof insert a double pick of yarn forming a continuation of similar picks of yarn inserted in preceding advance movements of the nipper stick.

11. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay, the reed and the shuttle race, of a device adapted to be inserted in, and withdrawn from, the warp shed at one side thereof, said device comprising yarn-carrying means adapted, in the forward movement of the device, to insert a loop forming part of a continuous length of yarn, whereby a fabric may be formed in which each shed of warp contains picks of yarn integrally united to each other at one edge of the fabric and integrally united to the yarn in the two adjacent sheds at the other edge of the fabric.

12. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay, the reed and the shuttle race, of a device adapted to be inserted in, and withdrawn from, the warp shed at one side there of, said device comprising yarlrcarrying means adapted, in the forward movement of the device, to insert a loop forming part of a continuous length of yarn, and means adapted to engage the closed portion of the loop and hold it from withdrawal.

18. In a loom, the combination with the pivoted lay and the shuttle race, of jaws adapted to engage strands of hair and pull them along the shuttle race, means indehereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on pendentlo-f tlie jaws adlzgptled to cofnvey a 1conthis 16th day of September, 1913. tinuous engti of yarn ac: and orth a on 7 the shuttle race and insert it in the W211; GEORGE 5 sheds, and means to so actuate the jaws and Witnesses:

the yarn-inserting means. M. M. HAMILTON,

In testimony of which invention, I have E. E. WALL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

